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Anybody care to summarize what this article means for those of us who may not be up-to-date on "stratigraphically consistent outgroup lineages" or “relaxed molecular-clock DNA analysis” or “Gondwanan vicariance scenario” ... etc. For example, does it mean that S. Amer and Africa split apart before the first freshwater cichlids evolved, and that new world and old world cichlids must have evolved independently from marine ancestors something like Etroplus?
Simply put, South America and Africa separated tens of millions of years before the appearance of the first cichlids, based on dating of cichlid DNA. The 'vicariance' (problem) is how did a freshwater family like cichlids cross a 1000 km wide ocean so that representatives are now found on both sides? The authors make some suggestions.
Hello Martin, though I am not sure if I am adressing the right person, I still hope I am. I got 2 trios of Apistogramma psammophila from you some time ago. I was lucky to breed them, too, but, unfortunately, I got mainly males, 15, and only 2 females. That's why today, I have only three males left.
Kind regards, Michael (Hagen-Hohenlimburg)
He recalled that General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee and President Tô Lâm had praised these achievements, noting that institutions are no longer the main bottleneck to development, with challenges now lying in implementation.
Hi Bergman. I have a pair of breeding dwarf cichlid for sale. if you are still looking, drop me your whatsapp number and i will send some videos to your whatsapp