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On all the pictures I have of 5 different males every one of them has the lower half of the ventral fins colored red. Even some females in brooding dress show red tips of the ventral fins. But exceptions from such "rules" are present in every Apisto species, especially regarding such "soft...
That is very commendable!
Unfortunately, that's impossible to tell for sure without knowing the catch location. However, does your male ever show red coloration in the lower half of it's ventral fins, like this one?
According to my experience, in most cases it is impossible to tell the exact species from a single picture of a single (subadult and/or female) specimen without any additional information (e.g. catch location, name under which it was sold, other fishes it came with etc.). However, based on this...
Yes, they are not viejita. Type 2 is known as A. sp. Rotflecken and type 3 as A. sp. Schwarzkehl. Whether the latter two are two different species or merely different forms of the same species isn't known for sure, but I believe they are different species.
The book of Staeck & Linke "Amerikanische Cichliden I. Kleine Buntbarsche" show (true) A. viejita under the name "A. viejita type 1". The book by Koslowski "Die Buntbarsche Amerikas Band 2: Zwergcichliden – Apistogramma & Co" and the DATZ book "Sonderheft 2005 – Südamerikanische Zwergcichliden"...
First of all, all the pictures of A. viejita in Römer's CA1 actually show A. macmasteri. Distinguishing females of both species can be very difficult if not impossible. So better focus on males. Your male shows a narrow oval caudal spot, lacks a red seam at the upper edge of the dorsal fin, has...
As for the species, this looks like a male A. hongsloi:
and this is a pair of A. panduro:
Your other male (post #9) is A. agassizii "Blue flame (aka Alamare Red tail)" and the female from post #5 can be some kind of agassizii female.
I'm not particularly good in sexing. But if fish 2 is in fact 4-4.5cm it's most likely a female. About the sex of fish 1 I can't say anything.
I'm not completely sure what you mean, but depending on mood a narrow pale stripe that separates the lateral band from the caudal spot can occur in A...
The strongly serrated dorsal fin of the largest fish, the caudal pattern and the orange/yellow color at the lower edge of the caudal fin. Moreover, the inverted coloration (bright lateral band and dark markings above and below shown by the specimen in pictures 3 & 4) I haven't seen in any A...