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we have already imported many times Otocinclus hoppei, mimulus, mariae and Otothyropsis piribebuy etc. several times. There were about 500 catfish in one box, depending on the order. O. affinis cannot be obtained, as there are no commercial exports from where these fish...
The problem was too, that antibiotics were used in a completely unreflective manner and also polluted the sewage treatment plants, with the result that resistance developed precisely there.
Whether it is Glossatella or Epistylis, in both cases they are bell-shaped animals that colonize injured skin areas on the fish and anchor themselves in the skin while sitting on a stalk. It does not matter whether we are dealing with a classical parasite or not. Their treatment is analogous to...
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, often described in the literature simply as Ich or Ichthy, is a well-known parasitic ciliate within aquaristics.
It can be described as an obligate parasite, as it is almost always present, but is not a problem for normal healthy fish, as their immune defense...
It looks nice, but it is anything but heavily planted. Rather sparsely planted with clearly too little cover. Imho, it's more of a scaping design and a past-the-fish kind of thing.
You can assume that, if at all, only remnants are sold. Then you should get a small stock there. Flagellol would be the best way to combat protozoan. Levamisole is the better alternative to Praziquantel only if the fish do not eat anymore, because Levamisole is absorbed through the gills.
I would try a combination of salt in conjunction with methylene blue or malachite green oxalate. To me, this looks very much like a bacterial infection. The mucosa here looks like it is severely affected.
In order for possible mucosal lesions to close, the salt would have to be used. I would...
Electric blue "balloon" rams? Seriously? Again, it just looks like a new modern breeding experiment nonsense to me, without any natural sense. Tastes are indeed, different.
On picture 1 and 2 I recognize a female in each case. Picture 3 makes on me rather the impression, as if we have to do it with a not yet full colored male.
A fairly simple way to chill water down is to use a small, second-hand refrigerator.
To do this, drill a suitable hole on each side and pass the hose through it. Inside you put several loops until the water reaches the necessary temperature, which you can measure at the other end, outside.
By...
This is, from my point of view, a weak argument, because those who care for fish should have informed themselves about this necessity beforehand. And that also includes the necessary effort. If you want a clutch of eggs, even offspring, then you have to make a little more effort. If not, then...
I'm with Mac on this one. If rainwater is normally harvested through the roof and then collected in barrels or drums, you have at most the problem of an organic input of what accumulates on the roof. That can easily be filtered out via activated carbon. UV sterilization is not required.
Breeding Apistogramma offspring to a respectable, saleable size, possibly even in pairs, is no easy matter. It takes time and some effort. I wish you that you can overcome the hurdles.
You are talking about superspecies and several geopgraphic populations, etc. i was stating about intra-species aggression, during the breeding season. Maybe we were just talking at cross purposes.